Lapinkoira: Finland’s National Dog
The Lapinkoira, known internationally as the Finnish Lapphund, is a dog breed originating from the northern regions of Scandinavia, particularly Finnish Lapland.
Its history is deeply intertwined with that of the people Sámii, an ancient nomadic people who for centuries have inhabited the Arctic regions of Finland, Sweden, and Norway.
For a long time, these dogs played a vital role in reindeer herding, which was an essential resource for the survival of local communities.
Originally, the Lapinkoira’s ancestors were not selected based on aesthetic or morphological criteria, as is the case today, but rather on the basis of their functional abilities.
In fact, the Sámi favored dogs that could withstand extreme weather conditions, were hardy and reliable, and were capable of working effectively while herding.
The recognition of race
As the centuries have passed and reindeer herding techniques have evolved, the use of snowmobiles and other modern vehicles has reduced the need for traditional herding dogs.
However, the breed has been preserved thanks to the interest of Finnish breeders and enthusiasts, who have recognized the historical and cultural value of these animals.
Starting in the 20th century, more systematic breeding programs were launched, aimed at defining the breed’s characteristics and ensuring the preservation of its original qualities.
After several decades of selective breeding, the breed was formally recognized by the Finnish Kennel Club in the mid-20th century.
Subsequently, in 1993, the Lapinkoira was included among the breeds recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI), the organization that coordinates dog breed standards.
International recognition has contributed to the spread of the breed even beyond the Nordic countries.
Despite its widespread presence, the breed remains relatively rare compared to other, better-known types of Nordic dogs.
Physical Characteristics of the Lapinkoira
From a morphological standpoint, the Lapinkoira is a medium-sized dog that is sturdy and well-proportioned, compact, and muscular.
The height at the withers generally ranges from 46 to 52 centimeters in males and from 41 to 47 centimeters in females.
The weight can range from 15 to 24 kilograms, depending on the individual’s build.
The tail is fringed and is generally carried curled over the back when the dog is moving or alert, while it may be lowered when at rest.
The Lapinkoira’s Coat
The Lapinkoira’s coat generally varies in color, ranging from black to brown to gray to white.
Like many Nordic breeds, it has a double coat that effectively protects it from cold temperatures.
The outer layer consists of relatively long, straight hair that feels rather coarse to the touch, which serves to repel moisture and snow.
Underneath is a very dense and soft undercoat, which acts as thermal insulation.
In terms of grooming, the coat requires regular brushing, especially during seasonal shedding periods when the undercoat is being replaced.
The Lapinkoira’s Personality and Temperament
The Lapinkoira is known for its balanced and sociable temperament, which makes it well-suited to family life; in particular, it is very affectionate with children.
He may initially be cautious around strangers, but he is never aggressive.
A typical trait of the breed is its tendency to be quite vocal.
When working with reindeer, barking was used to guide and control the herd’s movement; as a result, many Lapinkoira retain this instinct.
In terms of physical activity, this is an energetic dog that needs daily exercise.
Walks, games, and dog-friendly sports activities are great for meeting his exercise needs and keeping him stimulated and engaged.
Pathologies to pay attention to
Among the orthopedic problems that may occasionally occur is hip dysplasia, a condition that affects the hip joint and can cause pain and limited movement.
Another condition reported in this breed isprogressive retinal atrophy.
Some individuals may also have a predisposition to autoimmune disorders or skin problems, although these conditions are not particularly common.
In general, with a proper diet, regular veterinary checkups, and an adequate amount of exercise, the Lapinkoira can have a life expectancy of 12 to 15 years.
To bring your Lapinkoira in for a follow-up visit, vaccinations, or routine checkups, please contact our veterinary staff, who are always here to help.
We would also like to remind you that Clinica La Veterinaria is always open h24 every day including holidays and with First Aid service from 8 pm to 8 am.
